Hereafter, various paints are explaned.
(1) Oil-based paint
All paints containing drying oils as the main component are collectively called Oil-based paints.
The drying oils are linseed oil and tung oil, and there are oil paints and oil enamel. The oil paint is a mixture of boiled oil as the coating layer component and the pigments, and the oil enamel is composed of oil varnish and the pigments.
In other words,
Boiled oil = Oil (Not containing solvents in principle)
Oil varnish = Oil + Resin + Solvent
(1) Boiled oil and Oil paint
The boiled oils are mixtures of drying agent additives and polymerized oils which have been polymerized by hot air injection.
The oil paints are the mixture of this and zinc oxide, titanium white, carbon black, end etc. The characteristics of this type of paint are good durability and bush paintability, though it is slow drying. They are often used on steel and wooden outdoor structures.
(2) Oil varnish and Oil enamel
The oil varnish is a mixture of mineral spirits and drying agent and heat polymerized resin and drying oil. For the resins, hardened rosin, ester gum, oil-soluble phenolic resin, etc. are used. The oil enamel is pigments added to oil varnish.
There are spar varnish, copal varnish, body varnish, matte varnish, mainly used on wooden products. Also, as oil based undercoats, these are oil primer, oil putty, oil surfacer.
(2) Lacquer and cashew nut resin paint
(1) Lacquer
Lacquer is made of tree sap collected by making cuts on trunks of Oriental lacquer trees in Japan, China, Burma, Laos, etc., and has been used since the old times. The main component of lacquers of the Japanese, Korean, and Chinese origins is Urushiol, and it is said that the lacquer is higher in quality with higher content of Urushiol.
The lacquer is characterized by its drying nature, where it does not dry (solidify) in dry air. Lacquer dries well in humid and higher temperature air, like the rainy season.
(2) Cashew nut resin paint
It is a liquid similar to the lacquer that is obtained from cashew nuts, polymerized or condensed with alkaloids as paints. It does not have the shortcoming of lacquers such as causing rashes, and does not require any special drying facility. It is widely used as a substitute for lacquer in areas such as lacquer ware, crafts, and furniture.
